New Delhi:

Drone strikes, severely affected infrastructure, widespread outbreaks, social media bans, thousands of people were killed and millions displaced – civil war in Sudan continues to grow with each passing day, and a serious human being. Raises as a crisis. In a series of attacks, the latest Saturday was an artillery shelling and air strike in the capital Khartoum, killing at least 56 people. For more than two years of the conflict, the United States accused a Malaysian commander of “committing genocide” against non -Arab minority groups.

The birth of a dispute

Sudan has witnessed violence and displacement since the Darfour ethnic cleansing crisis in 2003, and is the second most population of refugees in Africa. After ousting the authoritarian leader Omar al -Bashir in 2019, Sudan began a reform journey when he moved to a new government. This included reforms to the Sudanese Armed Forces (CAF) and paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF).

The RSF is an independent paramilitary force, and is used by the Sudanese government to fight. The RSF foundation was laid 20 years ago to end the uprising in Darfur, where he launched a racial violence campaign against the massive communities. Reforms that affect the RSF and the CAF gave rise to tensions between the two factions. As a result, there was also tension between Bashir and General Abdul Fateh Al -Bourne, who has been the De -Facto leader of Sudan since 2019.

In 2019, the end of Bashir gave rise to the hope of civilian rule in Sudan. Two years later, Al -Burran and Lieutenant General Mohammad Hamdan, who leads the RSF and is also known as Hamdity to seize power in a military coup, but soon the two left. Diplomats from the United States tried to broker for peace, but confusion over the RSF was absorbed in the Army. This led to the political and economic turmoil of the country.

The conflict in Sudan began when violent clashes broke out between the CAF and the RSF in the capital Khartoum in April 2023. Unrest soon spread to areas like Darfur, North Cordofen and Jizira state.

Millions of displaced

Between April 15, 2023, and October 25, 2024, a total of 8,942 attacks exchanges, according to a crisis mapping organization, armed conflict location and event data project (ACled) data (ACled). What, which is an average of 16 years a day.

The conflict resulted in the displacement of more than 11 million people, including internal homeless people (IDPs), asylum seekers and refugees. A large part of the Sudan population now faces extremely shortage of food, water, medicine and fuel.

About three -quarters of health facilities are out of service and diseases, including cholera, measles and malaria, are spreading at a time when two -thirds lack access to health care.

Egypt is hosting the highest Sudanese refugees (1.2 million), followed by Chad (712,288), South Sudan (190,280), Libya (180,000), Uganda (60,808) and Ethiopia (and Ethiopia ( 39,984). In South Sudan, most of the arrival of citizens (650,000) are returning to Sudan as a refugee.

Influence on women and children

According to UN estimates, more than 3 million women and girls were at risk of gender -based violence. Civil war only increased it. Reports of rape, sexual slavery and other types of sexual violence came just days after the conflict began. According to the World Health Organization and UNFPA, attacks on healthcare facilities, equipment and workers are depriving women and girls with life -saving care, pregnant women were the most affected. Is

According to UNICEF, Sudan is witnessing the displaced crisis of the world’s oldest children. The conflict has deprived millions of Sudanese children of education, more than 90 % of the country’s 19 million school children do not have access to formal education.

What is the current situation?

The latest in connection with the bloodshed incidents was that the artillery was shelling and at least 56 people were killed and more than 150 were injured across the Greater Khartoum on Saturday.

A shelling was reported in a camp for homeless people in North Darfur, which killed nine civilians on Wednesday, while on January 24, a drone attack on a maternity hospital in El Fisher, R. At least 67 were killed. And 19 injured.

The UN Rights Head said they were “deeply nervous” with reports of summary executions of civilians in Khartoum North, allegedly by the Sudanese army fighters and its affiliated militias. “It is a war crime to not deliberately participate in a civilian or someone’s life directly,” Vulkar Turk said in a statement. The statement said that in a video of the circulation on Thursday, Safe Uniform shows men and members of Alba Bin Malik Brigade in Khartoum North North “allegedly reading a long list of RSF colleagues’ names, Arabic for ‘Zeli’ -‘dead’ -‘after every name’.

Rapid support forces dominate most of Khartoum and Darfur, while Wood Madani was caught in December. However, later, SAF re -occupied the Omdorman. The army also controls most of the northern and eastern Sudan, including Port Sudan, on the Mediterranean Sea. The paramilitary group also surrounded the last city of Darfur, Al -Fasher, still under the army.

An army -linked militia controlled about 125 km (77 miles) southeast of the capital, Tambol, Raufa, Al -Hassaisa and Al -Maliya.

Four senior US officials have been told that Sudan’s military has used chemical weapons against at least two occasions against the paramilitary group. New York Times. “Under the leadership of Burhan, CAF’s combat tactics contain indiscriminate bombings on civilian infrastructure, attacks on schools, markets, and hospitals, and illegal executions,” the Department of Treasury said.

The aid supply is limited

Despite the devastating threats of famine, both SAF and RSF are actively restricting the supply of aid in Sudan. International organizations like the World Food Program say they cannot access 90 % of people facing hunger levels.

At a high -level donor conference in Paris in April, international donors promised more than two billion euros (or more than 2.1 billion) for Sudan. But by June, the United Nations said, it raised only $ 430 million out of the 7 2.7 billion needed for Sudan.

Other disasters get discomfort increases

Civil war continues in some parts of the country between the drought in the flood of famine. The conflict also increased many of Sudan’s challenges, including ongoing conflicts, spread of diseases and economic and political instability.

Why is the world in conflict?

The third largest African country is one of the largest producers of gold in Sudan continent, and its position on the Nile gives it agricultural capabilities. It is also located on the coast of the Mediterranean, which is a busy shipping route, about 500 500 miles away.

The United States approved both Hemety and Burhan, accusing former racism and later attacking schools, markets and hospitals, as well as lack of food as war weapons.

The United Arab Emirates was accused of armed RSF by the United States. Later, two Democrats agreed to raise objections to the United Arab Emirates’s sale of $ 1.2 billion to the United Arab Emirates by fellow Democrat that Biden’s then administration when the White House said the Gulf force assured that it was “now” Not moving any weapons to a paramilitary group. ” The United Arab Emirates has repeatedly refused to armed the RSF despite international criticism and the search for UN experts, saying the allegations are credible.

The UN and Sudanese officials said Russia’s Wagner Barada also supported the RSF in the early months of the war. New York Times. The country is also getting armed drones from Iran.

(Tagstototranste)



Source link