The extinction of many kangaroo species in Australia around 40,000 years ago may have been caused more by human activity than climate change. Fossil evidence from the teeth of ancient kangaroos shows that these animals adapted well to changing climates due to their flexible diet. This raises the possibility that human hunting practices played a greater role in their disappearance than previously thought. Over 90 percent of the continent’s large animal species became extinct during the same period, with kangaroos accounting for a significant portion of these losses.

Dental analysis challenges climate theory.

According to According to Science News, researchers including biologist Samuel Arman of the Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory studied the teeth of 937 kangaroo specimens. It included both fossil and modern species. The study examined microscopic wear on teeth, which provides clues about dietary habits. The findings contradict earlier assumptions that extinct kangaroos depended on a limited variety of vegetation, such as hardy plants. Instead, evidence suggests that these animals have varied diets, making them more resilient to environmental changes.

Human impacts on kangaroo populations

Experts have long debated the causes of the extinction of Australia’s megafauna. While climate change was thought to be a major factor, the research showed that kangaroos had previously endured significant environmental changes and diversified into multiple species. The arrival of humans, estimated at 70,000 to 50,000 years ago, coincided with the decline of these animals. Hunting is now seen as a primary factor in their disappearance, which is hitting food boundaries due to climate change.

Further research into endangered species

Similar dental analyzes may provide insight into the diet of other extinct Pleistocene mammals, the researchers suggest. This method could help determine whether dietary restrictions contributed to their extinction or whether human activity played a more important role, as seen with Australia’s ancient kangaroos.